Why teens need cell phones - 500 Words

Why teens need cell phones. Tim was riding his bike from school, when he looked behind there was this red truck following him. He started to get kinda worried, so he started going faster so he could get to his house faster. Tim had about 3 blocks left to go, the truck was still following him. The truck started speeding up, suddenly Tim looked to his left and the truck was next to him. There was an older gentlemen in the truck and he said â€Å"get in i can take you home, throw your bike in the trunk.† Tim yelled no! Then tim reached in his pocket while still riding his bike and dialed 911. Soon Tim reached his house and he ran inside. Locking all the doors and windows. He looked out one window and the truck was sitting in his driveway with the†¦show more content†¦A teen in a situation where he/she must travel or walk alone to get to school might need a cell phone to stay connected with family. Teens need cell phones in case something happens when they’re with their friends. (Hatter, 5) Cell phone safety. Safety is one of the most prevalent reasons cited by parents for providing teens with a cell phone. The main reason for providing a teenage with a cell phone is to enale contact with the teenager when they are not home. Parents feel safer with their teenagers having cell phones. (Halter, 4) Cell phone texting safety. Parents feel safer with their teenagers having cell phones. The compromising photos sent to your â€Å"friend† could actually end up being seen by people they weren’t intended for or end up being placed on the internet for the world to see. That â€Å"friend† online you met and are now texting, may not be the person you think they are. Distracted driving is mostly caused by text messaging. When driving you should not text and drive because while you texting and driving you may be looking at your phone longer than you think and you may rear end someone and seriously injure someone or yourself, or run a red light and hit someone. Conclusion So to come to my conclusion that teens need cell phones. Teens need cell phones to call incase of an emergency. For example if a teen has medical issues they might need a cell phone to call in case they needShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Cell Phones1100 Words   |  5 Pagescreated the thing that runs the lives of many ---- a cell phone. For those living under a rock, cell phones are portable telephones that requires cellular network (ATT, Verizon and Tmobile) to make and receive phone calls. For the first time ever, a generation of kids are going through their adolescence with smartphones. As stated by Pew Research Center, â€Å"75% of 12-17 year-olds now own cell phones, up from 45% in 2004† (Lenhart 1). As cell phones advanced over the years, the increase of adolescenceRead MoreCell Phones are Higlhy Addictive1431 Words   |  6 Pagesbillion cell phone subscribers in the world. (â€Å"UN says world has 6 billion cell phone subscribers, 2.3 billion Intern et users†). With a number this high one must ask whether or not cell phones are more beneficial than they are harmful. Everyone recognizes the benefits of cell phones, but how often does society acknowledge the harms that cell phones induce on the public. The simplicity of communication through the use of cell phones does not outweigh the distractions caused by cell phones, becauseRead MoreEssay On Phones And Teenagers1005 Words   |  5 PagesCell Phones and Teenagers Cell phones are now the best leading technology for communication, entertainment, and finding information via mobile applications. Parents are now buying their children cell phones because they believe that they will need it for emergencies only. Parents like that extra sense of security because they can always keep in touch with their children at any time. Many parents argue that cell phones are very beneficial to their children. If they get lost they can find the GPSRead MoreShould Teenagers Put Down Their Phones?1561 Words   |  7 PagesTeenagers are on cellphones like bees on honey, they can’t get enough of their cellphone and they can’t put them down but why? That’s the million dollar question, why can’t teenagers put down their phones? The reality of it is they are addicted to their cellular device weather it is to surf the web or to play games or even just to take a selfie. On April 3, 1973 Motorola employee martin cooper stood in midtown Manhatt an and placed a call to the headquarters of bell labs in New Jersey. (The Atlantic)Read MoreConsequences of Texting behind the Wheel Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesboy who was in critical condition died several days later. Chandler was sending a text that said â€Å" I love you† to his wife when he caused the accident. Drivers who were texting were 23.2 times more likely to crash to those who weren’t texting (Cell Phones and Texting). The increasing amount of crashes caused from texting and driving and growing and becoming more of a problem. Distracted driving is an increasing problem in the United States resulting in many accidents, but a solution to the problemRead MoreShould Driving Restrictions And Guidelines Be Stricter?1388 Words   |  6 Pagesguidelines be stricter? Supporters argue that stricter driving laws should be put in place because teens tend to not only be inexperienced, but also irresponsible and prone to distractions. However, critics argue that mak ing stricter guidelines would only make matters worse. They argue that teens gain freedom and responsibility when they obtain a driver’s license. With evidence providing proof that teen drivers have the highest rate of automobile accidents compared to any other age group, driving guidelinesRead MoreMobile Phones And Its Impact On The Way1559 Words   |  7 Pagesperson attached to their cell phone texting. This day and age sending a text is the quickest and most efficient form of communication. The Berkman Center for Internet Society at Harvard University found that (78%) of teens now have a cell phone and almost half (47%) of those teens have smartphones. That translates into (37%) of all teens who have cellphones, up from just (23%) in 2011(Madden). Today, people tend to use their phones to text more than they do to make phones calls, and this can serveRead MoreMobile Phone Addiction1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe problem of mobile phone addiction (1010words) Nomophobia, the fear of being out of mobile phone contact. The phrase was coined by a U.K. study commissioned by SecurEnvoy as an abbreviation for no-mobile-phone phobia. According to an article, 77% of the 18-24 age group revealed nomophobia.   If a person doesn’t have his or her cell phone, and feels uncomfortable trying to respond to real life situations without it, experts warn this is addiction. In Hong Kong, it is not hard to find teenagersRead MoreDistracted Driving Involving Cell Phones908 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the year of 2011, about 2,650 teens in the United States between the age of sixteen and nineteen were killed and almost 292,000 were treated in emergency departments for injuries involved with motor-vehicle accidents (â€Å"Teen Drivers: Get the Facts† par. 2). Basically, seven teens die every day from motor-vehicle injuries. The risks of these accidents are becoming higher each year among the teen age group. Research has shown, teens in the United States between sixteen and nineteen have aRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Cell Phones1182 Words   |  5 PagesHow many kids have you seen with a phone but haven’t even passed elementary? At what age would it be appropriate to give children the big responsibility of keeping an expensive cell phone intact while using it respectfully and for the right reasons? â€Å"The average age for a child ge tting their first smartphone is now 10.3 years† Jay Donovan states. Do you think you could put your full trust in a ten year-old to take care of an electronic device that costs hundreds of dollars? Tim Elmore says, â€Å"From

Selective Sweep Definition and Examples

Selective sweep, or genetic hitchhiking, is a genetics and evolution term that explains how alleles for favorable adaptations, and their associated alleles near them on chromosomes, become more frequently seen in a population due to natural selection. What Are Strong Alleles Natural selection works to choose the most favorable alleles for an environment in order to keep a species passing down those traits generation after generation. The more favorable the allele for the environment, the more likely the individuals that possess that allele will be to live long enough to reproduce and pass that desirable trait down to their offspring. Eventually, undesirable traits will be bred out of the population and only the strong alleles will be left to continue on. How a Selective Sweep Happens The selection of these preferred traits can be very strong. After a particularly strong selection for a trait that is the most desirable, a selective sweep will happen. Not only will the genes that code for the favorable adaptation increase in frequency and be seen more often in the population, other traits that are controlled by alleles that are close in proximity to those favorable alleles will also be selected for, whether they are good or bad adaptations. Also called genetic hitchhiking, these extra alleles come along for the selection ride. This phenomenon may be the reason why some seemingly undesirable traits get passed down, even if it does not make the population the fittest. One major misconception of how natural selection works is the idea that if only the desirable traits are selected for, then all other negatives, such as genetic diseases, should be bred out of the population. Yet, these not so favorable characteristics seem to persist. Some of this could be explained by the idea of selective sweep and genetic hitchhiking. Examples of Selective Sweep in Humans Do you know someone who is lactose intolerant? People who suffer from lactose intolerance are unable to fully digest milk or milk products like cheese and ice cream. Lactose is a type of sugar that is found in milk that requires the enzyme lactase in order to be broken down and digested. Human infants are born with lactase and can digest the lactose. However, by the time they reach adulthood, a large percentage of the human population loses the ability to produce lactase and therefore can no longer handle drinking or eating milk products. Looking Back at Our Ancestors   About 10,000 years ago, our human ancestors learned the art of agriculture and subsequently started to domesticate animals. The domestication of cows in Europe allowed these people to use cows milk for nutrition. Over time, those individuals who had the allele to make lactase possessed the favorable trait over those who could not digest the cows milk. A selective sweep occurred for the Europeans and the ability to get nutrition from milk and milk products was highly positively selected. Therefore, the majority of Europeans possessed the ability to make lactase. Other genes hitchhiked along with this selection. In fact, researchers estimate that about a million base pairs of DNA hitchhiked along with the sequence that coded for the lactase enzyme. Another Example Is Skin Color   Another example of a selective sweep in humans is skin color. As human ancestors  moved from Africa where dark skin is a necessary protection against the direct ultraviolet rays of the sun, less direct sunlight meant that the dark pigments were no longer necessary for survival. Groups of these early humans moved north to Europe and Asia and gradually lost the dark pigmentation in favor of a lighter coloring for the skin. Not only was this lack of dark pigmentation favored and selected, nearby alleles that controlled the rate of metabolism hitchhiked along. Metabolic rates have been studied for different cultures all over the world and have been found to correlate very closely to the type of climate where the individual lives, much like the skin coloring genes.  Ã‚  It is proposed that the skin pigmentation gene and the metabolic rate gene were involved in the same selective sweep in the early human ancestors.

Realigning Elections in American History

Since the stunning victory by Donald Trump over Hillary Clinton in the 2016 United States Presidential election, the discourse around words and phrases such as â€Å"political realignment† and â€Å"critical elections† have  become more commonplace not only among  political analysts but also in mainstream media. Political Realignments A political realignment occurs when a particular group or class of voters changes or in other words realigns with a political party or candidate who they vote for in a particular election – known as a critical election or this realignment may be spread out over a number of elections. On the other hand, â€Å"dealignment† occurs when a voter becomes disenfranchised with his or her current political party and either chooses not to vote or becomes an independent. These political realignments take place in elections involving the U.S. Presidency and the U.S. Congress and are signified by power changes of the Republican and Democratic parties that constitute ideological changes both issues and party leaders.  Other important factors are legislative changes which affect campaign financing rules and voter eligibility. Central to realignment is that there is a change in voter’s behavior. 2016 Election Results In the 2016 election, although Trump is winning at the time of this writing the Electoral College by a margin of 290 to 228 votes; Clinton is winning the overall popular vote by more than 600,000 votes. In addition, in this election, American voters gave the Republican Party a clean power sweep – the White House, the Senate and the House of Representatives. One key to the Trump victory was that he won the  popular vote in three of the so-called â€Å"Blue Wall† States: Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Michigan.  Blue Wall States are those who have solidly supported the Democratic Party over past ten or so presidential elections. With respect to the electoral votes:  Pennsylvania has 20, Wisconsin has 10, and Michigan has 16.  Although these states were essential in propelling Trump to victory, it is important to note that his margin of victory from these three states totaled approximated 112,000 votes. If Clinton had won these three States, she would be the President-elect instead of Trump.   In the ten Presidential elections prior to 2016, Wisconsin had only voted Republican on two occasions – 1980 and 1984; Michigan voters had voted Democrat in six straight Presidential elections prior to 2016; and as well, in the ten Presidential elections prior to 2016, Pennsylvania had only voted Republican on three occasions – 1980, 1984 and 1988. V. O. Key, Jr. and Realigning Elections American political scientist  V.O. Key, Jr. is most well-known for his contributions to behavioral  political science, with his major impact being on election studies.  In his 1955 article A Theory of Critical Elections, Key explained how the Republican Party became dominant between 1860 and 1932; and then how this dominance shifted to the Democratic Party  after 1932 by using empirical evidence to identify a number of election which Key termed as â€Å"critical,† or â€Å"realigning† which resulted in American voters changing their political party affiliations. While Key specifically starts with 1860 which was the year that Abraham Lincoln was elected, other scholars and political scientists have identified and/or recognized that there have been systematic patterns or cycles which have regularly taken place in the U.S. national elections.  Ã‚  While these scholars are not in agreement as to the duration of these patterns: periods that range from every 30 to 36 years as opposed to 50 to 60 years; it does appear that the patterns have some relationship with generational change. Election of 1800 The earliest election which scholars have identified as realigning was in 1800 when Thomas Jefferson defeated the incumbent John Adams. This election transferred power from George Washington and Alexander Hamilton’s Federalist Party to the Democratic-Republican Party which was led by Jefferson. Although some argue that this was the birth of the Democratic Party, in reality, the party was established in 1828 with the election of Andrew Jackson. Jackson defeated the incumbent, John Quincy Adams and resulted in the Southern States taking power from the original New England colonies. Election of 1860 As stated above, Key explained how the Republican Party became dominant starting in 1860 with the election of Lincoln. Although Lincoln was a member of the Whig Party during his early political career, as President he led the U.S. to abolish slavery as a member of the Republic Party. In addition, Lincoln and the Republic Party brought nationalism to the United States on the eve of what would become the American Civil War. Election of 1896 The overbuilding of railroads caused several of them, including the Reading Railroad, to go into receivership which caused hundreds of banks to fail; resulting in what was the first U.S. economic depression and is known as the Panic of 1893. This depression caused soup lines and public ire towards the present administration and made the Populist Party the favorite to take power in the 1896 Presidential election. In the 1896 Presidential election, William McKinley defeated William Jennings Bryan and while this election was not a true realignment or did it even meet the definition of a critical election; it did set the stage for how candidates would campaign for office in subsequent years. Bryan had been nominated by both the Populist and Democratic parties. He was opposed by the Republican McKinley who was backed by a very wealthy individual who used that wealth to conduct a campaign that was intended to make the populace fearful of what would happen if Bryan won. On the other hand, Bryan used the railroad to make a whistle-stop  tour giving twenty to thirty speeches daily.  These campaign methods have evolved into the modern day. Election of 1932 The 1932 election is widely considered as the most well-known realignment election in U.S. history. The country was in the middle of the Great Depression as a result of the 1929 Wall Street Crash. Democratic candidate Franklin Delano Roosevelt and his New Deal policies overwhelmingly defeated incumbent Herbert Hoover by a margin of 472 to 59 Electoral Vote. This critical election was the underpinnings of a massive overhaul of American politics.  In addition, it changed the face of the Democratic Party.   Election of 1980 The next critical election occurred in 1980 when Republican challenger Ronald Reagan defeated the Democratic incumbent Jimmy Carter by the tremendous margin of 489 to 49 Electoral Votes. At the time, approximately 60 American’s had been held hostage since November 4, 1979, after the U.S. Embassy in Tehran had been overrun by Iranian students. The Reagan election also marked a realignment of the Republican Party to being more conservative than ever before and also brought about Reaganomics which was designed to fix severe economic issues that confronted the country.  In 1980, the Republicans also took control of the Senate, which marked the first time since 1954 that they had control of either house of Congress. (It would not be until 1994 before the Republican Party would have control of both the Senate and the House simultaneously.) Election of 2016 – Realigning Election? The real question with respect as to whether the 2016 election victory by Trump is a â€Å"political realignment† and/or a â€Å"critical election† is not easy to answer a week after the election.  The United States is not experiencing internal financial distress or facing negative economic indicators such as high unemployment, inflation, or increasing interest rates. The country is not at war, although there are threats of foreign terrorism and social unrest due to racial issues.  However, it does not appear that these were major issues or concerns during this election process.   Instead, one could argue that neither Clinton or Trump were viewed by voters as being â€Å"Presidential† due to their own ethical and moral issues.  In addition, since lack of honesty was a major hurdle which Clinton attempted to overcome throughout the campaign, it is quite plausible that out of fear of what Clinton would do if elected, voters chose to give the Republicans control of both houses of Congress.

Kate Chopin’s Short Story Desiree’s Baby Essay example

Kate Chopin’s Short Story â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† In Kate Chopin’s short story, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby†, she demonstrates how racism played a major part in people’s lives in the 1800’s. Kate Chopin is extremely successful in getting her readers to feel disturbed by the events in the story. Through words and images, the reader feels touched by the story, either by relating to it at some points or when confronted with things we frequently decide to ignore in the world: the evil some human beings are capable of possessing. Chopin introduces the story with pleasant images and events; she enchants the reader with fairy tales. A woman who cannot have children is blessed with the most â€Å"beautiful and gentle, affectionate and sincere† (31) of†¦show more content†¦The writer ends the first phase of the tale with Desiree’s expression of her feelings at that point: â€Å"Oh mamma, I’m so happy; it frightens me† (32). This comment is both a conclusion of the first phase of the story and a prediction of what’s to come next. In the next segment of the account, Chopin breaks the enchantment and the readers’ hearts when she turns a fairy tale into a horror show. Armand’s behavior towards Desiree changes drastically, as for â€Å"when he spoke to her, it was with averted eyes, from which the old love-light seemed to have gone out.† â€Å"He absented himself from home; and when there, avoided her presence and that of her child, without excuse† (32). Armand’s attitude did not only change towards his wife, but also towards the slaves as if â€Å"the spirit of Satan seemed suddenly to take hold of him† (32). Desiree then finds out the reason for her husband’s change of conduct is the fact that their child is not white. The considerable change of mood in the story intensifies the already shocking events. As people are always looking for the â€Å"soul mate† and the â€Å"happy ever after† ending, it’s both disappointing and disturbing to see a beautiful dream turn into a nightmare. Chopin ends the story with the most displeasing images of all. I hope it’s agreeable (even though it is something which still happens much too often in the world today) thatShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1540 Words   |  7 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the main character, Mrs. Louise Mallard, is a woman with a heart problem that gets horrifying news that her husband has passed away in a train crash. When she starts thinking about her freedom, she gets excited; she is happy to start her new, free life. However, a few hours later her husband walks in the door and she finds out it was all a mistake. When she realizes her freedom is gone her heart stop and she then dies. In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† Desiree is an orphanedRead More Symbolism in Desirees Baby by Kate Chopin Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Desirees Baby by Kate Chopin Desirees Baby is Kate Chopins most well-known short story and most anthologized piece of work. The story takes place in southern Louisiana and her writing reflects her Creole-French descent. Chopin begins the story with a descriptive quote, when she reached LAbri she shuddered at the first sight of it, as she always did. It was a sad looking place...Big solemn oaks grew close to it and their thick leaved, far-reaching branches shadowed it likeRead MoreAn Examination Of How Kate Chopin s Work1298 Words   |  6 PagesENGL 1102 – Comp/Lit Essay 2 (Mulry) Sellers, James R – 920022413 Due Date: April 20, 2015 An Examination of How Kate Chopin’s Works Taken Together Contribute to our Understanding of Her Time and the Place of Women in Society Looking at themes present in his short stories and novels, Kate Chopin presents examples of female strength and an assertive rebellion to the social norms during the late 1800s. By seeking to transparently and boldly portray the risquà © behavior of her lead characters, whichRead More Social Role Play and the Search For Identity in Chopin’s Desiree’s Baby626 Words   |  3 PagesSocial Role Play and the Search For Identity in Chopin’s Desiree’s Baby When I think about women’s role in our society, especially nowadays, the first word that comes to my mind is ‘exhausted’. What I mean is that this subject is exhausted. There are so many literary and sociological interpretations of the physical and psychological female image that whatever I say or prove would be just another attempt to understand the ‘incomprehensible’. It’s not because I am a woman, or may be exactlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Desiree s Baby By Kate Chopin919 Words   |  4 PagesDesiree’s Baby†: An Annotated bibliography Thesis: Kate Chopin combines the racial and social differences on the eighteen century, in which people have to face racial discrimination amongst a social empire, which brings many conflicts within diverse couples about their firstborns. Chopin, Kate Desiree’s Baby. Short Stories (print 7/14/2015). In the short story, Desiree’s Baby, written by Kate Chopin there is a about of karma and consequences that produce the drama on the literature. The storyRead MoreAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s `` Desiree s Baby ``822 Words   |  4 PagesRegionalism reflected in Kate Chopin’s Writings During the latter half of the nineteenth-century, American literature had a renaissance with the development of new writing styles that strived to fully grasp and express the American way of life. Regionalism, which is a writing style that incorporates setting, dialect, and local color of certain regions of the United States was prominent among these new writing styles. Kate Chopin, one of the most prominent feminist writers of the nineteenth-centuryRead MoreKate Chopin, An American Writer1425 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin, an American writer, known for her vivid portrayals of women’s lives during the late 1800s. Her fiction works usually set in Louisiana, which contributed too much of her description of women’s roles. During Chopin’s time, Louisiana was in the midst of reconstruction and was having racial and economic issues. (Skaggs 4) Louisiana is the setting for many of Chopin’s stories, and they depict a realistic picture of Louisiana society. Ka te Chopin published two novels and many short storiesRead MoreCharacteristics Of Kate Chopin Contributions To Regionalism771 Words   |  4 PagesAbigail Brueggman English Composition II Dr. Vanderlaan Essay 2 DUE: 10/ 31/2017 Kate Chopin’s Contribution to Regionalism Between 1865 and 1896 regionalism/local color fiction became popular. Regional literature can be defined as fiction or poetry that focuses on the characters, dialect, customs, topography, and other features to a specific region. Regionalism incorporates the broader concept of sectional differences yet lacks nostalgia or sentimentality. Many criticsRead More Kate Chopins Desirees Baby Essays1394 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopins Desirees Baby This essay will focus on the short story by Kate Chopin and its use of symbols, setting and characters. Desiree’s baby was perhaps one of the best stories I’ve ever read. Analyzing it was not easy at all. Its use of symbols was very hard to comprehend. At first, it doesn’t make sense. But as you think criticallyRead MoreKate Chopin s Desiree s Baby878 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin’s â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby† Many of Kate Chopin’s short stories deal with women in search of love, self-knowledge, and a sense of belonging, however, in â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby† we see a much more apparent theme of miscegeny, slavery, and racism. In her critical essay on â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby,† Rena Korb asserts that â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby† mainly focusses on a woman seeking only a place of belonging. Upon reading â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby† one could come to the conclusion that this story is much more concerned with expressing

Dr. Jr Free Essays

1) Describe what occurs in each of the four parts of the hydrologic cycle and how each part of the hydrologic cycle is related to the next part of the cycle. The four parts of the hydrologic cycle are evaporation, condensation, precipitation and runoff. Water evaporated from the ocean eventually condenses as water droplets in clouds. We will write a custom essay sample on Dr. Jr or any similar topic only for you Order Now If the cloud grows large enough, the droplets coalesce and fall as precipitation, mostly as rain, sometimes as snow or ice. The cycling of water molecules from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean. 2) Examine the northwestern portion in the country of Brazil in Figures 2-33, 4-14 and 4-22. a) What type of climate does northwestern Brazil experience? Humid Equatorial b) What type of soil does northwestern Brazil have? c) What type of biome is located in northwestern Brazil? 3) Based on your answers from #2, explain the relationships that exist between the climate, soil and biome of northwestern Brazil. ) According to Figure 4-22, in which major terrestrial biome is eastern Nebraska classified? What major terrestrial biome classification is located to the east of that found in eastern Nebraska? Which climate factor (temperature or precipitation) explains the difference between the two biomes? 5) Explain the terms deforestation and desertification. Give one example of how the two are different. Give one example of how the two are similar. ) What is the difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable resource? Give one example of each. 7) What is temperature inversion, and how does it affect urban air pollution problems? 8) What is meant by the term â€Å"nonpoint source pollution†? List two examples. 9) Describe, with an example of each, the influences of cultural values, level of technology, and economic systems on natural resource value. 10) Explain two arguments for and two arguments against nuclear power. How to cite Dr. Jr, Essay examples

Health Inequity in Maori Population

Question: Discuss about the Health Inequity in Maori Population. Answer: Introduction Differences of health status within a population are widespread all over the world. Health inequities can be defined as the unequal distribution of health status resources caused by social condition in which members of a population group is born. Such inequities are unwanted for and can be avoided if appropriate measures are taken. Life expectancy in poor countries is 37 years less that life expectancy in rich countries ("WHO | 10 facts on health inequities and their causes", 2016). Socioeconomic gap between different population groups of a country is considered to be the fundamental cause of health inequities. This report aims to address the health inequities suffered by the Maori population of Aotearao New Zealand, its social and economic impacts on a local as well as national level and the application of the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi concerning the health issue of the concerned population group. The health issue selected for this report is Stroke. Throughout the report distinction between two terms, inequalities (unavoidable differences) and inequities (unfair differences) have been considered and appraised. Pre and Post Colonisation Scenario The life expectancy of the Maori population has seen marked decrease after the colonization of New Zealand by the British. The Maori population experienced a decrease from 100,000 in 1769 to 42,000 in 1896. The life expectancy and population has experienced a recovery since then due to various government policies and social awareness. Various health inequities are still prevalent among the Maori population because of colonisation in New Zealand. Several socioeconomic and ethnic factors were responsible for such discrepancies in the health status between the Maori and the non-indigenous population of New Zealand. Reasons behind Maori health inequalities The Maori population consists of 14.6% of the total 4.7 million population of Aotearoa, the Maori name for the country of New Zealand (Limited, 2016). They are indigenous population of New Zealand inhabiting in the country since around 1300 A.D. The health inequities found in Maori and the non-Maori population of New Zealand is one of the most compelling health issues prevalent in the country presently. Ethnic disparities may arise from various reasons. It has been proposed in studies (Mackenbach, 2005) that if all other socioeconomic and environmental factors are eliminated, genetic factors are the major determinant of health inequities among different population groups. The genome of a certain group of population may render them less or more susceptible to certain diseases and health disorders. Conversely, other studies state that 85% of genetic variations are not correlated to ethnicity or race of the population group (Ellison-Loschmann Pearce, 2006). Hence, it can be conferred that the health status inequities suffered by the Maori population of New Zealand has non-genetic origins. The non-genetic factors can be influenced by socioeconomic position, access to healthcare facilities and lifestyle of the concerned group. The social factors that contribute to such inequities are income, housing and employment differences between the two concerned groups. Inequities can be based upon various parameters like age, gender, ethnicity, the social and economic status, and the geographical location of the population group. There is substantial evidence of high mortality rates in old age in low socioeconomic position of the population (Huisman et al., 2013). Several daily life practices like food habits, style of living and lack of awareness about nutritional importance on healthy living can contribute to the onset of various chronic as well as acute disorders. These factors can often be inherited and depend on cultural and social traditions followed by a particular section of the population. Hosseinpoor et al., (2012) studied the inequalities in risk factors of non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries and concluded that smoking and low fruit and vegetable consumption were prevalent in low socioeconomic groups among various countries. The risk factors of non-communicable diseases varied among different socioeconomic groups. Several studies have examined the impact of accessibility of healthcare facilities on the health status of a population. There is high mortality rates for people with lack of optimum accessibility either due to the geographical location or due to socioeconomic constraints (Milea et al., 2015). Treaty of Waitangi The treaty of Waitangi is the founding document of New Zealand that was signed on 6 February 1840 between the British Crown and the 540 Maori chiefs. The treaty was signed to establish political and social accord between the Maori community, which ruled New Zealand until then and the British settlers that had arrived in New Zealand during that period. The English and Maori translations of the treaty differed which has been debated to this day. The treaty promised to provide Maori autonomy and abstain from interfering with their cultural practices. It aim to establish a reciprocity between the two communities. The Maoris were allowed to have full control over their land transactions and way of living; in return, the British formed the laws and government of the country. In ultimatum, the Crown was to establish equity and equal treatment for all the inhabitants, both the Maori and the non-Maori population, in all the sectors including healthcare. The principles of the treaty are based on three Ps: Partnership, Protection and Participation. Partnership aims to achieve a collaborative process between two groups to reach a particular common benefit or objective. Participation implies the involvement of individuals from all the groups in certain facilities to reduce inequalities in various sectors. Protection signifies the need to protect certain cultural and ethical values of different individuals in a common workspace and maintain a secular approach to avoid hurting the sentiments of any of the individuals included in the population. Concerning health status of the Maori population of New Zealand, the three Ps can be applied in an efficient way to provide optimum healthcare facilities and prevent health status inequities between the Maori and the non-Maori populations (Kingi, 2007). Chosen Health Issue Studies show that there are several health issues in the Maori adult and children population that need to be addressed to mitigate the social and economic cost due to the same. The health conditions that are more prevalent in the Maori population compared to the non-Maori population are Ischemic Heart Disease, Stroke, Diabetes, Hypertension, Chronic Pain and Arthritis ("The Health of MÄ ori Adults and Children", 2015). Study of the epidemiology of stroke in New Zealand show great discrepancy in incidence of the same among the different ethnical or racial groups. New Zealand is a multi-ethnic country and studies show the burden of mortality due to stroke is highest among individuals of the Maori community as compared to rest of the population (Feigin, McNaughton Dyall, 2007). Although such conclusions do not provide any insight regarding the direct causes of the medical condition and its higher incidence, it may make the issue of health inequity more conspicuous and aid in taking necessary preventive measures like culture specific treatment, planning and intervention. The mean age of stroke incidence in both Maori and Pacific people of New Zealand is significantly low compared to their European counterparts (Bonita, Broad Beaglehole, 1997). Feigin et al., (2006), studied the risk factor profiles for stroke patients between the ethnic groups. The average age of stroke onset for the Maori Population is 61 years compared to 64 years for Pacific people and 75 years for European inhabitants of New Zealand. Considerable differences found in risk factors among the different ethnicities may be responsible for this discrepancy. Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality universally. Two kinds of strokes are prevalent: Ischemic and Hemorrhagic. Stroke is a medically emergency condition where blood supply to the brain is impeded either due to blockage in the blood vessels of the brain or due to rupture of blood vessels and damage of the tissues in the vicinity. Symptoms should be identified promptly and immediate medical attention is required. Accessibility to emergency medical care can be a deciding factor in preventing adverse consequences of stroke patients. Stroke incidence is strikingly more in medically underserved region of the world compared to the economically developed countries; post-stroke disability and mortality were also significantly high in the unreserved countries (Norrving Kissela, 2013). There is a huge economic impact of stroke worldwide. Direct costs include medical costs including hospital costs, extended care facilities and medical care personnel. Indirect costs include both mortality and morbidity costs. many governments have opted for programs to create awareness regarding how to mitigate the risk factors associated with stroke in order to reduce the economic and social burden the condition poses on a national level. Application of Treaty of Waitangi Principles The principles of the Treaty of Waitangi viz. Partnership, Protection and Participation can be applied at an organizational level to bridge the gap between Maori and non-Maori population of New Zealand in terms of medical healthcare facilitates. The Maori population must be allowed to choose their health program policies for the well being of health of their community after considering their cultural and religious needs; although the policies need to be scrutinized to ensure that it meets standard scientific rationale. This comes under the principle of Protection of equal rights of the community as well as ensuring partnership in social well being of the country as a whole. Government must intervene with proper programs to spread awareness about the epidemiology of stroke in the Maori population. The importance of following a healthy lifestyle and a healthy balanced diet in fighting the prevalence and incidence of Stroke must be elucidated to the target population. The people of Maori population should be encouraged to participate in healthcare facilities as healthcare professionals to understand the special needs of the Maori patients who are admitted in the medical institution. They must work together to reach centripetal health outcomes with an ultimate goal of providing emergency care to the patients who have experienced stroke. The nurses and other healthcare professionals must be trained to be compassionate and empathetic in dealing with Maori patients, as they have specific cultural needs, which must be dealt with utmost sensitivity. Addressing health issues must happen in collaboration between the provider and the receiver of treatment or care. Partnership between the two is necessary for establishing health status equity all over the population of the country. Government must take adequate actions to provide equal accessibility to all the different ethnic populations of the country. Infrastructural development is indispensible in and around the geographical locations where the Maori population is rich. Emergency facilities should be equipped such that immediate needs of a stroke patient can be addressed. Hence, intervention from the government is an absolute necessity to achieve the desired results and the policies must be formulated after acknowledging the principles of the three Ps of the Treaty of Waitangi. Conclusion Disparities between different ethnic populations of a country are widespread all over the world especially in healthcare sectors. The Maori population of New Zealand is a victim of health inequity compared to other ethnic communities. Stroke is one of the most alarming of all the inequities suffered by the population. The application of principles of the Treaty of Waitangi is fundamental in implementing equal healthcare facilities and bridging the ethnic gaps in the population of New Zealand. References Bonita, R., Broad, J. B., Beaglehole, R. (1997). Ethnic differences in stroke incidence and case fatality in Auckland, New Zealand. Stroke, 28(4), 758-761. Ellison-Loschmann, L., Pearce, N. (2006).Improving access to health care among New Zealand's Maori population. American Journal of Public Health,96(4), 612-617. Feigin, V. L., McNaughton, H., Dyall, L. (2007). Burden of stroke in Maori and Pacific peoples of New Zealand. International Journal of Stroke, 2(3), 208-210. Feigin, V., Carter, K., Hackett, M., Barber, P. A., McNaughton, H., Dyall, L., ... Auckland Regional Community Stroke Study Group. (2006). Ethnic disparities in incidence of stroke subtypes: Auckland Regional Community Stroke Study, 20022003. The Lancet Neurology, 5(2), 130-139. Hosseinpoor, A. R., Bergen, N., Kunst, A., Harper, S., Guthold, R., Rekve, D., ... Chatterji, S. (2012). Socioeconomic inequalities in risk factors for non communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries: results from the World Health Survey. BMC public Health, 12(1), 1. Huisman, M., Read, S., Towriss, C. A., Deeg, D. J., Grundy, E. (2013). Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality rates in old age in the World Health Organization Europe region. Epidemiologic reviews, mxs010. Kingi, T. K. (2007). The Treaty of Waitangi: A framework for Maori health development.New Zealand Journal of Occupational Therapy,54(1), 4. Limited, M. (2016). Aotearoa - The Maori Name for New Zealand. Maori.com. Retrieved 29 September 2016, from https://www.maori.com/aotearoa Mackenbach, J. P. (2005). Genetics and health inequalities: hypotheses and controversies. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 59(4), 268-273. Milea, D., Azmi, S., Reginald, P., Verpillat, P., Francois, C. (2015). A review of accessibility of administrative healthcare databases in the Asia-Pacific region. Journal of market access health policy, 3. Norrving, B., Kissela, B. (2013). The global burden of stroke and need for a continuum of care. Neurology, 80(3 Supplement 2), S5-S12. The Health of MÄ ori Adults and Children. (2015). Ministry of Health NZ. Retrieved 30 September 2016, from https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/health-maori-adults-and-children WHO | 10 facts on health inequities and their causes. (2016). Who.int. Retrieved 29 September 2016, from https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/health_inequities/facts/en/index1.html

Business and Management Free-Sample for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Explain Major Domestic and International Contextual Factors and how they Affect Business Structures and Strategy. Answer: Business and management are interrelated with each other. Application of effective management techniques assists the personnel of companies and organizations to carry out the business activities efficiently. For the achievement of efficiency in business activities, raw materials are a crucial factor (Gollenia, 2016). Within this, adherence to the integrated structure helps the personnel to create and develop effective plans. Involvement of the employees, stakeholders and shareholders within this process helps the personnel to ensure the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed plans in terms of the identified and the specified requirements. Maintenance of consistency in the execution of evaluation brings to the forefront the potential drawbacks in the products and services. Exposure of spontaneity in rectification of the drawbacks reflects the corporate attitude of the personnel (Weske, 2012). Herein, lays the true essence of the aspect of management. All these aspects seem true for Westfarmers. Theoretical framework provides a clearer understanding about the basic concepts related to the management of business activities. One of these theories is the contingency theory, which compels the managers to put on their thinking caps in terms of taking decisions for the betterment of the companies and organizations (Fadun, 2013). Maintaining pace with the current trends is an important proposition of this theory. This alignment helps the personnel of Westfarmers to maintain their position within the Australian market. Involvement of the employees, stakeholders, shareholders and agency partners in the decision-making process proves beneficial for Westfarmers in ensuring the effectiveness of the proposed plans in terms of the identified and specified requirements (Wong et al., 2014). Along with the contingency theory, systems theory proves beneficial for Westfarmers in terms of achieving successful completion of the business activities. Viewing it from other perspectives, systems theory helps the personnel of Westfarmers to ensure the presence of defects within the devices. This reflects the consciousness of the personnel towards bestowing productive energy to the buyers. Hiring experts for detecting the presence of virus attacks or hacking interventions is an indication of effective utilization of systems theory by the Westfarmers personnel. Delving deep into the functionality of Westfarmers, for the production of efficient and productive energy, technologically advanced machines are required (Zhang Wang, 2012). Negligence in this direction deprives the Westfarmers personnel from getting uninterrupted current flow for manufacturing efficient energy resources. This negligence is also an obstacle in terms of ensuring the smooth functioning of the internal parts o f the devices. On the contrary, market research in terms of getting the advanced machines. However, ensuring financial flexibility is crucial for adopting mahines, whih aligns with the modern tehnology (Jeston Nelis, 2014). Evaluation of the seleted device helps the personnel to ensure the effectiveness and applicability of the selected device in terms of the identified and specified requirements. Maintenance of consistency in the execution of evaluation brings noticeable improvements in the performance of Westfarmers. Exposure of consistency towards the evaluation upgrades the status of the Westfarmers in terms of enjoying competitive advantage over the contemporary brands. One of the noticeable facts within this is the adherence and compliance to the competitive policies, which helps the Westfarmers personnel to indulge into fair trades, transactions and deals with the contemporary brands (Fleischmann et al., 2014). The fairness in the earlier sentence aligns with the factor of quality, which is one of the major factors for attaining customer satisfaction. In order to manage the business activities, Westfarmers personnel abide by an integrated structure. As a matter of specification, within the management come components, such as sales, operations, finance and human resource management. Finance is an agent, which aters to the effective management of sales operations and human resource management. Flexibility in the financial aspect helps the Westfarmer personnel to introduce prospective schemes, offers and discounts for the buyers. Simultaneously with the success, failures also find its way. Countering this, emerging successful in overcoming the failures, qualifies Westfarmers as leader within the brands struggling for a firm place in the competitive market of Australia (Becker, Kugeler Rosemann, 2013). The effective coordination between the functional units of the departments is the keystone towards managing the crisis period. The major drive behind this is the compliance to the risk assessment process, which is assistance towards re ducing the intensity of the potential risk factors. Identification of the risks and their causes solves half of the problem. Application of known solutions further eases out the process of risk assessment. In case of failures, application of alternate solutions reflects the conscious attitude of the Westfarmer personnel in terms of ensuring the wellbeing of the customers (Weiss, 2014). Along with this, rating the risks projects the confidence of the personnel towards reducing the intensity of the risk factors. Emerging successful in this direction adds value to the roles and responsibilities of the managers. Involvement of the employees, stakeholders, shareholders and agency partners in this risk assessment process helps the organizational personnel in terms of ensuring the effectiveness of the implemented solution for carrying out the business activities (Rosemann Brocke, 2015). Herein, lays the conjoined significance of business and management. Adherence and compliance to the ris k assessment process is an additional assistance in terms of reducing the instances of harassments, discriminations, conflicts among others. Apart from risk assessment, training forms an important component for Westfarmers personnel in terms of managing the business activities. Frequent training programs improve the grasping power of the employees on the basic management skills. Providing training to the employees on the operation of the devices brings efficiency in the business activities of the organization. Taking post-training tests enables the managers to test the capability of the employees to make practical application of the learnt skills in the workplace operations (Dumas et al., 2013). Moreover, trainings also prove essential in handling the emergency situations in an effective manner. Provision of adequate motivation and encouragement by the managers generates an urge among the employees to expose better performance. Maintenance of consistency from both sides in this context results in the exposure of professional performance of the Westfarmers personnel. Conscious attitude towards the reduction of carbon and smoke emission enhances the corporate social responsibilities of the organization (Chang, 2016). As a matter of specification, boycotting the utilization of carbon footprints in the manufacture of the energy resources proves advantageous for the organization, Westfarmers in mitigating the health hazards of the customers. This action expands the reputational status of the organization into a widespread one. Exposure of consciousness in this direction uplifts the corporate attitude of the personnel. This results in the establishment of professionalism in the workplace of the organization (Hutt Speh, 2012). Provision of safe and comfortable workplace to the employees results in the outpour of creative output, which takes the organization, Westfarmers to achieve high growth rate and a sound profit margin. Adoption of social media helps the organization, Westfarmers to expand the business. Putting the news of the newly launched devices makes the investors aware of the organizational issues. The means of social media supports the organization to increase the trafficking of the audience towards the brand image (Aalst, 2013). Levying authentic information to the customers, agency partners enhances the brand awareness of the organization. One of the noticeable features about Westfarmers is the effective management of human resources. Provision of training on the effective and judicious utilization of the organizational resources adds efficiency in the business activities. Viewing it from other perspective, this efficiency contradicts the issues of inadequate stock of raw materials. Attaching the concept of soial media here, advertising authentic information about the recruitment process systematizes the management of human resources (Rglinger, Pppelbu Becker, 2012). Herein, management and business can be placed in an equal alignment, which establishes relevancy with the requirements of the discussion. Emerging successful in overcoming the challenges attains a different connotation towards management. Herein, the statement, Failures are the stepping stones of success, becomes tautologically true. Dedication and commitment towards upgrading the services adds color to the steps, which leads to the path of success. On the contrary, negligence in this direction aggravates the hardness of the stones, which detach the organization from the identified and specified business requirements (Hutt Speh, 2012). Herein, lays the interplay with the phases of success and failure of the organization, which adds value to the discussion. On the other hand, this interplay can be aligned with the organizational capability to restore lost glory and honor within the competitive ambience of the market. Different parameters of management helps Westfarmers broaden the perspectives of the managers. Risk assessment brings to the forefront the areas on which training needs to be delivered to the employees. Effective and judicious utilization of the provided training adds efficiency in the business activities of the organization (Chang, 2016). Within this, utilization of the means, such as, social media acts as a promotional activity for the organization in terms of achieving large scale ustomer satisfaction. Specifically, execution of marketing mix supports the organization to align with their mission, vision and core values. Consciousness of the personnel in this direction adds to the organizational culture, which provides a better placement to the organization within the Australian market. References Becker, J., Kugeler, M., Rosemann, M. (Eds.). (2013).Process management: a guide for the design of business processes. Springer Science Business Media. Chang, J. F. (2016).Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J., Reijers, H. A. (2013).Fundamentals of business process management(Vol. 1, p. 2). Heidelberg: Springer. Fadun, O. S. (2013). Risk management and risk management failure: Lessons for business enterprises.International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,3(2), 225. Fleischmann, A., Schmidt, W., Stary, C., Obermeier, S., Brger, E. (2014).Subject-oriented business process management. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated. Gollenia, L. A. (2016).Business Transformation Management Methodology. Routledge. Hutt, M. D., Speh, T. W. (2012).Business marketing management: B2B. Cengage Learning. Jeston, J., Nelis, J. (2014).Business process management. Routledge. Rglinger, M., Pppelbu, J., Becker, J. (2012). Maturity models in business process management.Business Process Management Journal,18(2), 328-346. Rosemann, M., vom Brocke, J. (2015). The six core elements of business process management. InHandbook on business process management 1(pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Van Der Aalst, W. M. (2013). Business process management: a comprehensive survey.ISRN Software Engineering,2013. Weiss, J. W. (2014).Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Weske, M. (2012). Business process management architectures. InBusiness Process Management(pp. 333-371). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Wong, W. P., Tseng, M. L., Tan, K. H. (2014). A business process management capabilities perspective on organisation performance.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,25(5-6), 602-617. Zhang, P., Wang, C. (2012). The evolution of social commerce: an examination from the people, business, technology, and information perspective.